How does vitiligo skin look like? Causes and treatment

What is Vitiligo?

Vitiligo is a long-term skin disease that causes white spots to appear on the affected skin. There is a clear difference between the edges of these spots and the normal skin. Even the hair of these spots’ kind skin can be white. These white spots can also be found in the mouth and inside the nose. Usually both sides of the body, i.e., right and left parts are affected.

Most of the spots start on those parts of the skin that come under sunlight. They are more prominent in people with dark skin. A black substance is found inside the skin cells called melanin. Due to this melanin, the color of the skin is light or dark. If the color of the skin is white, the amount of melanin is less and if the color of skin is darker, the amount of melanin is high.

Cause of Vitiligo

Vitiligo disease is caused by the destruction of color-producing melanin cells.
These spots are white like milk and usually start on the hands, arms, legs and feet. They are of different sizes and shapes and can appear on any part of the body. Some people also have itching before the spots appear. Spots are small at first, but often grow and change shape.

Usually, these spots start on the lips and fingertips, face and limbs, which are in a certain order. They are most prominent on the face, hands, and wrists.

Types of Vitiligo

Vitiligo is divided into two main types. Field and non-field. Most spots are non-visible i.e., they affect both sides. In these cases, the affected part of the skin usually expands over time.

In this, vitiligo spots spread all over the body with or without a sequence. Usually, no part of the body is safe from them. Sometimes the whole body is exposed to this disease.
In such a situation, vitiligo disease is called Universal Vitiligo. About 10% of cases are departmental. That is, most of them affect a part of the body.

In these cases, the affected part of the skin usually does not spread over time. This is a type that usually gets better by getting treatment. But there is usually no particular mood of vitiligo disease, sometimes it happens that there is a white spot on the body and its size increases as soon as it is seen, and sometimes new spots also appear on the body with this white spot.

Sometimes it happens that a white spot appears on the body. But neither does it increase in size nor do new spots appear on the body.
Then there is no specific mechanism for the disease to grow. Sometimes it happens that after the appearance of the disease, it grows very fast and sometimes the disease stops growing. After some time, it starts to grow rapidly again or it happens that after the appearance of the disease, it continues to grow very slowly.

Treatment

It has also been seen that vitiligo stains start to heal automatically without any treatment, which is because the melanin cells found in the skin start working again, but these white spots do not completely disappear but remain present to some extent.
One thing to remember is that these spots are not bulging but are smooth. There are no signs in the skin except for a change of color.

Although there are no signs of these spots. If these spots are on the open parts of the body, then the patient can complain of irritation due to the sun’s rays falling on them. The patient does not have any physical pain due to this, but due to this, the patients sometimes suffer from psychological confusion. Especially girls and women feel a lot of anxiety due to this disease and some patients are so affected by this disease that they suffer from depression.

Sometimes some patients start thinking of suicide. One of the reasons for such behavior is that it has become known to the public that there is no cure for this disease. Although there is no 100% cure, the disease can be treated to some extent and bursa patients cannot be declared incurable. Many traditional and indigenous methods can also be tried for treatment, which are commonly called tips.

Sometimes these tips are very useful. For treatment, the patient should be provided with complete information but also their relatives should be made aware. If possible, try to resolve the patient’s concerns through dialogue by hiring a psychiatrist. This not only reduces the psychological pressure of the patient, but also makes the patient willing to get treatment.

The exact cause of vitiligo is not known. It is believed that one of the causes of this disease is somewhere genetic. That is, the disease can be hereditary. The defect of this genetic (hereditary) factor causes an environmental factor that causes autoimmune diseases, but nothing can be said about the start of this autoimmune reaction, but as a result of this autoimmune reaction, the color-producing cells begin to destroy.

In such people, the disease starts from childhood, in those people in whom the thyroid gland makes more hormones or the adrenal glands of the upper part of the kidney make less hormone or if there is a deficiency of vitamin B in the body, then vitiligo disease can also occur in this case. Diabetes is more influential in bursa patients than in general people. However, one thing to remember is that vitiligo is not an infectious disease. There are some misconceptions among the common people regarding vitiligo. For example, there is a belief that burs are caused by eating milk and fish together. But medical science has denied all these things.